Uneven illumination and space radiation can cause inhomogeneous grayscale distribution, low contrast, and noisy images in in-orbit cameras.A binarization algorithm based on morphological classification is proposed to solve the problem of inaccurate image binarization caused by space image degradation.Traditional local binarization algorithms genera

Abstract Metallic iron (Fe0) has shown outstanding performances for water decontamination and its efficiency has been improved by the presence of sand (Fe0/sand) and manganese oxide (Fe0/MnOx).In this study, a ternary Fe0/MnOx/sand system is characterized for its discoloration efficiency of methylene blue (MB) in quiescent batch studies for 7, 18,

Existing research into motivation in online environments has tended to use one of two approaches.The first adopts a trait-like model that views motivation as a relatively stable, personal characteristic of the learner.Research from Hobs this perspective has contributed to the notion that online learners are, on the whole, intrinsically motivated.Th

In the current auction-based electricity market, the design of utility-scale renewable energy systems has traditionally been driven by the levelised cost of energy (LCoE).However, the market is gradually moving towards a subsidy-free era, which will expose the power plant owners to the fluctuating prices of electricity.This paper presents a computa